Gastrointestinal infections

Gastrointestinal infections refer to diseases that affect the stomach and intestines, caused by a variety of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Common symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and dehydration. These infections are typically acquired through ingestion of contaminated food or water, or through contact with infected individuals.

Bacterial infections, such as those caused by Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter, are often linked to improperly cooked food and poor sanitation. Viral infections, including norovirus and rotavirus, spread easily in crowded environments and through contaminated surfaces. Parasitic infections, such as those caused by Giardia and Cryptosporidium, often result from contaminated water sources.

Diagnosis usually involves stool tests, blood tests, and sometimes imaging studies. Treatment depends on the specific pathogen but may include rehydration therapy, antibiotics for bacterial infections, and antiparasitic medications for parasitic infections. Preventative measures include proper hand hygiene, safe food handling practices, and access to clean water. Vaccinations, such as those for rotavirus, can also provide protection against certain gastrointestinal infections.